saman mahdever; mohammadreza bayat
Abstract
During the twentieth century, the theological tradition of eschatology was adversely affected by the outcomes of World Wars and social and political catastrophes, according to Protestant ...
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During the twentieth century, the theological tradition of eschatology was adversely affected by the outcomes of World Wars and social and political catastrophes, according to Protestant Jürgen Moltmann. In his view, God the Father sent His Son to transform the current order of the world radically, but powerful enemies crucified Him. God, however, thwarted their plan with the resurrection of Christ. Using the New Testament as a basis, Moltmann supports taking into account the promised order for the world that would allow the Christian hope to be realized. The new order contains dimensions that are applicable to contemporary problems. Moltmann’s eschatology is thus temporal, contextual, and inclusive. His eschatology has unique innovations in twentieth-century Christian theology, particularly in the way that he approaches the critique of traditional eschatology, the inclusion of hope, the social formulation of hope praxis, as well as the conceptualization of the future in his historical hope. Nevertheless, this eschatology is confronted with problems such as how psychological hope can be established, the inconsistency of his Pneumatology and the extraordinary nature of Christian hope, doubts about the methodological success of theological imagination, and ambiguity in the interaction between linear time and eternal time.
